A geometric characterization of the generators in a quadratic extension of a finite field
Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova, Tome 62 (1980), pp. 103-114 
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     author = {Giudici, Reinaldo E. and Margaglio, Claudio},
     title = {A geometric characterization of the generators in a quadratic extension of a finite field},
     journal = {Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Universit\`a di Padova},
     pages = {103--114},
     year = {1980},
     publisher = {Seminario Matematico of the University of Padua},
     volume = {62},
     mrnumber = {582944},
     zbl = {0442.12018},
     language = {en},
     url = {https://www.numdam.org/item/RSMUP_1980__62__103_0/}
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Giudici, Reinaldo E.; Margaglio, Claudio. A geometric characterization of the generators in a quadratic extension of a finite field. Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova, Tome 62 (1980), pp. 103-114. https://www.numdam.org/item/RSMUP_1980__62__103_0/

[1] R. Frucht, Generadores de GF(p2), Rev. Soc. Mat. de Chile, 1, no. 1 (1974), pp. 4, 18.

[2] R. Giudici - H. Leon, Generadores especiales y asociados de GF(p2), Comunication presented to the IV Escuela de Algebra, Sao Paulo, Brasil (1976), pp. 1-20.

[3] E. Jacobsthal, Über die darstellung der primzahlen der form 4n + 1 als summe zweier quadrate, J. Reine Angew. Math., 132 (1907), pp. 238, 245. | JFM