no. 4
Conditions for lumping the grades of a hierarchical manpower system
RAIRO. Operations research, Tome 17 (1983) no. 4, pp. 379-383 
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     author = {Abel, Volker},
     title = {Conditions for lumping the grades of a hierarchical manpower system},
     journal = {RAIRO. Operations research},
     pages = {379--383},
     year = {1983},
     publisher = {EDP-Sciences},
     volume = {17},
     number = {4},
     zbl = {0528.90056},
     language = {en},
     url = {https://www.numdam.org/item/RO_1983__17_4_379_0/}
}
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Abel, Volker. Conditions for lumping the grades of a hierarchical manpower system. RAIRO. Operations research, Tome 17 (1983) no. 4, pp. 379-383. https://www.numdam.org/item/RO_1983__17_4_379_0/

1. D. J. Bartholomew and A. F. Forbes, Statistical Techniques for Manpower Planning, Wiley, Chichester, 1979.

2. M. Josifescu, Finite Markov Processes and Their Applications, Wiley, Chichester, 1980. | Zbl | MR

3. M. U. Thomas and D. J. Barr, An Approximate Test of Markov Chain Lumpability, J. Amer. Statistical Association, Vol. 72, 1977, pp. 175-179. | Zbl | MR